Personal Insurance

The claim form arrives on a Tuesday, the week the geyser gave up and the week before the school fees. You fill it in at the kitchen table, next to the folder where the policy has lived unread since the day the debit order started. Somewhere on page four is the sentence deciding whether the insurer pays the whole bill or a fraction of it, and this is the first time anyone in the house has read it.

What is personal insurance?

Personal insurance is the cover a person buys for their own life rather than a business: the car, the house and what's in it, the holiday, the licence in the wallet. Each policy pays a defined loss in exchange for a monthly premium, and each carries conditions the insurer applies at claim stage: an excess you pay first, a sum insured measured against the real value, and clauses about who was driving and how long the house stood empty. Personal insurance works when those figures are honest and current. It fails, expensively, when a policy signed years ago meets a life that has changed since.

Key Takeaways

• An excess is the first slice of every claim you pay yourself, and one incident can carry more than one.
• Average applies when the sum insured is below the real value: the insurer pays the same share of the claim as you insured of the asset.
• Car hire cover runs for a fixed number of days; a repair waiting on parts can run for months.
• A house left empty over the holidays can fall outside cover after a set number of days.
• AARTO puts demerit points on a licence, and a suspended licence is a question your motor insurer asks.
• One review a year, sums insured checked against today's prices, prevents most of the shortfalls above.

Insurance excess: the part of every claim you pay yourself

An excess is the amount deducted from a claim before the insurer pays the rest, and it's the figure most people meet for the first time on the settlement letter. A R5 000 excess on a R30 000 repair means R25 000 arrives; on a R4 000 windscreen, nothing arrives at all, which explains why the small claims never get lodged and the premium keeps going up regardless. Excesses come in more than one shape. A fixed rand amount is the common form; a percentage of the claim is the form that grows with the loss; and a policy can stack several on one incident, so a young driver, a claim in the first months of the policy and a theft with the keys inside can each add their own line. The schedule lists them, in a table nobody photographs for the family group. A lower excess costs more each month and a higher one costs more on the bad day, which is a trade, not a trick, as long as you chose the side you're on. Our guide to insurance excess and deductibles sets out the types, when each applies and who pays it when the driver wasn't you.

Underinsurance: when the sum insured stops matching the house

Underinsurance is the gap between what an asset would cost to replace today and the sum the policy says it's worth, and it opens on its own. The house was insured for its 2018 building cost; the kitchen has since been redone, the garage converted and every bag of cement repriced. Nobody phoned the broker, because nothing had gone wrong. Contents drift the same way: the television got bigger, the bicycle got carbon fibre, and the schedule still describes the flat you moved out of. Insurers price the premium on the sum insured, so a figure left low buys a cheaper policy for years and then a smaller claim in one afternoon. Building cost is the number that catches people, since it's neither the market value nor the bond balance but what a builder would charge to put the same house back, boundary wall included. We ask clients for it every renewal and are told, kindly, that we're tiresome; it's the kind of tiresome that pays out. What underinsured means in practice, how to check your own figures and what to do when they're wrong, is in our guide to underinsurance in South Africa.

Insurance average: how underinsurance reaches the claim

Average is the clause turning underinsurance into arithmetic. If the house should have been insured for R2 million and the schedule says R1 million, you've insured half the risk, so the insurer pays half of any claim, from a total loss down to R80 000 of storm damage on the roof. The formula is the sum insured divided by the true value, multiplied by the loss, and it's applied by a loss adjuster who has never met you and has no reason to round in your favour. Most people first hear the word on the phone, after the assessor has visited, which is a poor moment for a maths lesson. The clause exists because insurers charge by the sum insured; without it, everyone would insure for a token amount and claim in full. Some policies soften it with a tolerance band, so a small shortfall passes unpunished and a large one doesn't, and the size of that band is worth knowing before the storm rather than after. How insurance average is calculated, where it applies and the examples that make it click are in the article on insurance average and underinsurance claims.

Car hire cover runs out before the repair does

Car hire cover pays for a rental while your car is being repaired, for a fixed number of days written into the policy. Repairs in South Africa now run on a different clock. Parts arrive by ship, workshops carry backlogs, and an assessor's authorisation can take a week on its own, so a thirty-day hire benefit meets a ninety-day repair and the rental goes back while the car is still on a lift in Benoni. The last sixty days are yours to fund, or yours to spend borrowing a cousin's bakkie with the indicator that needs a particular touch. The benefit has limits of its own too: a category of car, a daily rate, sometimes a requirement that the repairer be on the insurer's panel. Extending the days costs a small addition to the premium, and it's the kind of extra that looks unnecessary until the parts are on back order. Why the delays happen, what the hire benefit does and doesn't include and how to size it for a car you can't be without are set out in car repair delays and car hire cover in South Africa.

Holiday insurance: the house is empty and the policy noticed

Holiday insurance isn't one policy but the way three of them behave in December. Travel cover handles the medical bill abroad and the bag that went to Lisbon without you. The motor policy follows the car to the coast, with the same excesses and the same questions about who was driving. The household policy is the one that changes its mind: many wordings reduce or remove cover for theft and some other perils once the house has stood unoccupied beyond a set number of days, usually counted from the day the last person locked up. A lit hallway on a timer and a neighbour collecting the post are more than folklore; on some policies they're the difference between a paid claim and a letter. The car packed to the roof also carries contents the household policy may only cover to a limit away from home, so the laptop and the fishing gear are worth a question before they leave. Which policy answers for which disaster, the unoccupancy clauses to look for and the travel cover worth buying are covered in why insurance doesn't go on holiday.

AARTO demerit points and what a licence now carries

AARTO, the Administrative Adjudication of Road Traffic Offences system, adds a points ledger to every driving licence. Each infringement carries a set number of demerit points alongside the fine, the points accumulate, and past a threshold the licence is suspended for a period, with repeat suspensions leading to cancellation. The practical change is that a speeding fine stops being a receipt and becomes an entry on a record that follows you. Insurers read records. A motor proposal form asks about convictions and licence suspensions, and a suspended driver at the wheel is a claim an insurer can decline outright, whatever the premium history. Fleets feel it first, since a driver's points decide who can lawfully drive on Monday, but the household with two cars and a teenager feels it soon after. Points also fall away over time when no new infringement is added, which rewards the dull virtue of driving properly for a while. What the system counts, how the rollout was staged and where the points meet the policy is set out in AARTO demerit points and South Africa's new driving report card.

A new year insurance check, before the year gets busy

A new year insurance check is thirty minutes with the schedule and a cup of something, done in January when the December bills have made everyone honest. Life moved during the year: a child started driving, a home office filled with equipment, a vehicle was sold and its replacement never made it onto the policy. Inflation moved too, and building costs move faster than most figures, so a sum insured that was right in January is short by the next. The check is a list, not a ceremony. Confirm the regular driver on each car is the person who drives it. Confirm the building sum against a current replacement cost, not the bond. Walk through the house with the phone camera for the contents you'd forget under stress. Read the security clauses, since an alarm the insurer expects to be linked and armed is a condition, not a suggestion. Then phone the broker with the changes, which is what we're for; the care in the words "We Care" is measured in the calls we answer, not the ones we make in December. The full checklist and the reasons behind each item are in a new insurance year without surprises.

Closing Reflection

Back at the kitchen table, the claim form is still waiting for page four. The clauses it points to, the excess, the average, the days the house stood empty, were all in the folder from the start, priced into the debit order and never read. Personal insurance rewards one unglamorous habit, which is opening the folder once a year while nothing is wrong. Nobody enjoys it. The households that come out of a bad week with the bill paid are the ones who did it anyway, and the ones we're glad to know.

Personal cover is one branch of the insurance Mont Blanc arranges, and the pillar guide sets out the business side of the same trust.

You shouldn't have to read page four for the first time on the day it counts. With Mont Blanc Financial Services you won't.

Contact Mont Blanc Financial Services to have your household, car and holiday cover read against the life you're living now.